Emerging technological knowledge is leading research into new ventures. Synthetic polymers frequently suffer from the problem of being non-biocompatible, non-biodegradable and expensive. During the past two decades significant advances have been made in the development of natural polymer alone or in combination with synthetic polymeric materials for biomedical applications. Biodegradable polymers are highlighted in their performance in terms of biocompatibility. Therefore in this review we have made an attempt to summaries a role of polymers with potential applicability in medical and pharmaceutical field. Cheap and abundant availability of natural polymers offers an opportunity for its use. Biocomposites with low toxicity can be prepared with natural (collagen) and a synthetic polymer [poly (e-caprolactone)]. In order to overcome biological deficiency and to enhance mechanical characteristics of natural polymers a combination with synthetic polymers or derivatives of natural polymers are utilized. Combination of advantageous properties of natural polymers and hydroxyapatite has been explored in bone defects. It shows application in bacteria preservation. In bio-applications, biocompatibility and/or biodegradability of triglyceride oils play an important role therefore during the 21st century number of polymers are synthesized and evaluated for possibility of utilizing such methods for various applications.
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